The History of the Computer Game Spacewar

The History of the Computer Game Spacewar In the event that I hadnt done it, somebody wouldve accomplished something similarly energizing, if worse, in the following a half year. I coincidentally got there first. - Steve Russell otherwise known as Slug on creating Spacewar. Steve Russell - Inventing of Spacewar It was in 1962 when a youthful software engineer from MIT named Steve Russell, energized with motivation from the compositions of E. E. Doc Smith, drove the teamâ that made the primary famous PC game. Starwar was nearly the principal PC game at any point composed. In any case, there were in any event two far-lesser-known forerunners: OXO (1952) and Tennis for Two (1958). It took the group around 200 worker hours to compose the main adaptation of Spacewar. Russell composed Spacewar on a PDP-1, an early DEC (Digital Equipment Corporation) intelligent smaller than normal PC which utilized a cathode-beam tube type show and console input. The PC was given to MIT from DEC, who trusted MITs figure tank would have the option to accomplish something amazing with their item. A PC game called Spacewar was the exact opposite thing DEC expected however they later gave the game as an indicative program for their clients. Russell never benefitted from Spacewars. Depiction The PDP-1s working framework was the first to permit different clients to share the PC all the while. This was ideal for playing Spacewar, which was a two-player game including warring spaceships terminating photon torpedoes. Every player could move a spaceship and score by terminating rockets at his rival while evading the gravitational draw of the sun. Take a stab at playing an imitation of the PC game for yourselves. It despite everything holds today up as an incredible method to squander a couple of hours. By the mid-sixties, when PC time was still over the top expensive, Spacewar could be found on about each exploration PC in the nation. Effect on Nolan Bushnell Russell moved to Stanford University, where he presented PC game programming and Spacewar to a designing understudy named Nolan Bushnell. Bushnell proceeded to compose the primary coin-worked PC arcade game and start Atari Computers. An intriguing sidenote is that Doc Smith, other than being an extraordinary sci-fi author, held a Ph.D. in synthetic designing and was the scientist who made sense of how to get powdered sugar to adhere to doughnuts. Spacewar! was considered in 1961 by Martin Graetz, Steve Russell, and Wayne Wiitanen. It was first acknowledged on the PDP-1 of every 1962 by Steve Russell, Peter Samson, Dan Edwards and Martin Graetz, along with Alan Kotok, Steve Piner and Robert A. Saunders. Take a stab at playing a copy of the PC game for yourselves. It despite everything holds today up as an incredible method to squander a couple of hours: Spacewar Online - The first 1962 game code runs on PDP-1 emulator in Java.Play Spacewar - The a, s, d, f keys control one of the spaceships. The k, l, ;, keys control the other. The controls are turn one way, turn the other, push, and fire. Steve Russell is a PC researcher who drove the group that imagined Spacewar in 1962, one of the main games at any point composed for the PC. Steve Russell - Other Achievements Steve Russell additionally added to the IBM 704, which was a 1956 redesign of the 701. Steve Russell - Background Steve Russell was taught at Dartmouth College from 1954 to 1958.

Old Wise Men Essay Example for Free

Old Wise Men Essay Do every single elderly person really have shrewdness since they can see their demise not too far off? Insight is an esteemed attribute in our general public today. In both King Lear by William Shakespeare and Tuesdays with Morrie by Mitch Albom, the principle characters had the option to obtain shrewdness subsequent to experiencing hardships. Be that as it may, both of these men started their mission as totally various individuals. Morrie consistently accentuated the estimation of family and of adoration, while King Lear saw these characteristics that could be utilized to boot his sense of self. Morrie was frustrated by the status quo in the public arena, while King Lear couldn't have cared less much about it and acknowledged it the manner in which it was. Morrie saw demise as a characteristic thing and a perfect method to live, while King Lear despite everything needed to live as a King notwithstanding giving and partitioning his property between his little girls. Notwithstanding being altogether different character insightful and convictions, both King Lear and Morrie came to accomplish shrewdness by encountering the unavoidable truth; also called demise. Both of these men contrasted in their qualities when it went to the existence idea. Morrie accepted that it was smarter to die than to carry on with an existence without adoration, where he cited â€Å"If you don’t have the help and loveâ and mindful and worry that you get from a family, you don’t have much by any means. Love is so remarkably significant. As our incredible writer Auden spoke â€Å"Love one another or perish†Ã¢â‚¬ (Albom 91). This statement shows Morrie’s perspective on affection and has the feeling that it is smarter to kick the bucket than to carry on with an existence without adoration. In spite of the fact that Morrie grew up with little love in his life, this is the motivation behind why he accentuated the significance of adoration and family to him. Conflictingly, King Lear accepted that family just existed to serve his needs. â€Å"Tell me, my little girls, since now we will strip us both of rule, enthusiasm of region, cares of state which of you will we say doth love us most that we outâ largest abundance may expand where nature doth with merit challenge?† (I.I.47-53). This statement delineates King Lear’s feeling towards family. He set against his little girls against one another for his advantage. His affection was contingent, despite the fact that Cordelia was his known most loved between his little girls he cautioned her. â€Å" How, how, Cordelia? Retouch your discourse a bit, in case you may damage your fortunes.† (I.I.94-95). This statement shows the way that he accepted that affection in a family that is uneven, he should just get love however ought not give any. Unexpectedly, Morrie’s love for this family was unlimited and a two-way road. Be that as it may, Lear understood the estimation of unlimited love when Cordelia returned regardless of in the wake of repudiating and reviling her yet he was past the point of no return. While Morrie took in the estimation of affection through the absence of having it prior o in his life, King Learâ would learn it through the passing of his girl. Both love family and life increasingly in the wake of grappling with the idea of death, and understand the difficulty of their general public. Both King Lear and Morrie Schwartz likewise had alternate points of view on life and society. Ruler Lear acknowledged the positioning of his general public, obviously, since he was the pinnacle of the â€Å"great chain of being†. â€Å"All I ask is that you furnish me with a hundred knights for my own company. I’ll keep just the title of king†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (I.I.136-138). This statement portrays King Lear’s perspective on society and that he precedes the remainder of society, denying 100 knights structure society for his advantage. Morrie, then again, was appalled with how his general public was so materialistic. A statement from Tuesdays with Morrie, â€Å"Do you know how they condition individuals? They rehash something again and again. Also, that’s what we do in this nation. Claiming things is acceptable. More cash is acceptable. More property is acceptable. More corporate greed is goodwe rehash it and have it rehashed to us-again and again until no one trouble to try and think other wise† (Albom 124). This statement exhibits the disturb Morrie has with society and how it continually advances realism as opposed to significant qualities, for example, love, which is appeared in this statement â€Å"You know how I generally deciphered that? These individuals were so eager for adoration that they were tolerating substitutes† (Albom 125). This statement shows that Morrie accepts that individuals areâ materialistic due to an absence of adoration inside their lives. Moreover, King Lear understands the confusion of his general public during his hardships. â€Å"Thou scalawag beadle, hold thy grisly hand. Why dost thou lash that prostitute? Strip thine own back Thou fervently lust’st to utilize her in that sort for which thou whipp’st her. The usurer hangs the cozener. (IV.VI.152-57). This shows the two his nauseate of the social traditions of his time and how it favors the rich and frowns upon poor people. Lear laments not being a simply ruler and abusing the destitute individuals since he was excessively voracious. He wailed â€Å"Poor bare scoundrels, whereso’er you are, that await the pelting of this merciless tempest, by what method will your houseless heads and unfed sides, your circled and windowed tattered state, safeguard you from seasons, for example, these? Goodness, I have ta’en too little consideration of this!† (III.IV.30-34). In spite of the fact that Morrie knew about the issues inside his general public and consistently battled against them, Lear just arrived at this resolution and gain this intelligence through these tribulations. Morrie and Lear had repudiating perspectives on death before they procured their intelligence. As a matter of first importance, Lear accepted that he would bite the dust as a lord and even with his mature age he accepted passing was far out there, demonstrated in the statement â€Å"All I ask is that you furnish me with hundred knights for my own escort. I’ll keep just the title of king†¦Ã¢â‚¬  (I.I.136-138). Lear didn't trust in getting ready for his passing or bidding farewell to friends and family, as he despite everything needed to live like a lord significantly in the wake of plunging his kingdomâ and riches. In actuality, Morrie accepted that demise ought to be acknowledged throughout everyday life. â€Å"Oh indeed, you strip away all that stuff and you center around the fundamentals. At the point when you understand you are going o pass on, you see everything much differentlyLearn how beyond words, you figure out how to live†(Albom 83). This statement sho ws that Morrie however in the event that more individuals lived as though they were going to bite the dust at any second, at that point the world could be an increasingly positive spot. Morrie was additionally idealistic and thankful for his malady and to what extent he needed to bid farewell to everybody he valued. â€Å"It’s terrible to watch my body shrivel away to nothing. In any case, it’s additionally awesome as a result of constantly I get to sayâ good-bye.† (Albom 57) On the other hand, King Lear was dealing with his mortality. At the point when Gloucester requested to kiss his hand he answered â€Å"Let me wipe it first, it scents of mortality.† (IV.VI.125-126). It shows that Lear discovered his new humbleness and acknowledgment through death. Morrie and Lear both accomplished insight by dealing with their demises. Ruler Lear and Morrie Schwartz are a lot of the same, in spite of the fact that they were totally various individuals before they procured their knowledge. They were both ready to achieve understanding and fulfillment through troublesome hardships and getting mindful of the issues that are in their general public. They have discovered that if more individuals know about death and live regularly as though they were to pass on tomorrow, they would have more fulfillingâ and fulfilling lives. Through getting intelligence they understood the significance of their family, and love. They just varied in regard where Lear is loaded up with lament while Morrie increases a higher thankfulness for it. Passing is something that we as a whole should acknowledge and Lear and Morrie at long last grasp it.

Karl Marx (1871 words) Essay Example For Students

Karl Marx (1871 words) Essay Karl MarxHuman connections have consistently been dynamic. Change and versatility have gonehand close by with the progression of time for human culture. Frameworks have beendeveloped to manage, direct and control the assets of this general public. Thesystems are alluded to as governments and the assets as the people orinhabitants and powers of creation. A legislature must be dynamic in its naturereflecting the adjustment in the public arena. On occasion these frameworks have opposed thenecessity to adjust with its parts (Society) making a shortfall among thesystem and those it directs. As the shortages create, they cause instability,and could prompt revolution.1 Theories have been created to clarify thesystemic marvel Karl Marx was the best scholar and thinker of histime. His view upset the manner by which individuals think. He made anopportunity for the lower class to transcend the nobles and bombed due tothe making of the white collar class. Regardless of this disappointment, he wa s as yet a greatpolitical pioneer and set the premise of Communism in Russia. His life contributedto the manner in which individuals think today, and as a result of him individuals are increasingly open tosuggestion and are faster to make thoughts on policy centered issues. Karl HeinrichMarx was conceived May fifth, 1818 in Trier. In spite of the fact that he had three different kin, allsisters, he was the most loved youngster to his Father, Heinrich. His mom, a DutchJewess named Henrietta Pressburg, had no enthusiasm for Karls scholarly sideduring his life. His dad was a Jewish legal advisor, and before his passing in 1838,converted his family to Christianity to save his activity with the Prussianstate. When Heinrichs mother passed on, he no longer felt he had a commitment tohis religion, in this way helping him in the choice in going to Christianity. Karls adolescence was a glad and cheerful one. His folks had a goodrelationship and it help set Karl the correct way. His ?splendidnatural blessings stirred in his dad the expectation that they would one day be usedin the administration of humankind, while his mom announced him everything would gowell. (An incredible tale, Mehring, page 2). In High school Karl stood outamong the group. When requested to compose a report on How to pick aprofession he adopted an alternate strategy. He took the edge wherein mostinterested him, by saying that there was no real way to pick a calling, butbecause of conditions one is set in an occupation. An individual with aaristocratic foundation is bound to have a higher job in the public eye asapposed to somebody from an a lot less fortunate foundation. While at Bonn at the age ofeighteen he got connected with to Jenny von Westphalen, little girl of the upperclassmenLudwig von Westphalen. She was the beloved companion of Marxs most established sister,So phie. The commitment was a mystery one, which means they got connected with without askingpermission of Jennys guardians. Heinrich Marx was uncomfortable with this yet beforelong the assent was given. Karls school life other than his imprints is obscure. He never talked about his companions as an adolescent, and nobody has ever came to talk ofhim through his life. He left secondary school in August of 1835 to go on to theUniversity of Bonn in the fall of that year to consider law. His dad wantedhim to be a legal advisor much such as himself however when Karls foolish college lifewas disrupting the general flow following a year Heinrich moved him to Berlin. Additionally, hedid not go to most talks, and demonstrated little enthusiasm for what was to belearned. Karls wild ways were not endured at Berlin, a more conservativecollege without the insidious methods for different colleges. While at Berlin,Marx turned out to be a piece of the gathering known as the Yong Hegelians. The gathering wasorganized partially because of the way of thinking instructor Hegel that educated from 1818 tohis passing. The lessons of Hegel molded the manner in which the school thought towards mostthings. The individuals who contemplated Hegel and his goals wer e known as the YoungHegelians. Hegel talked about the turn of events and development of the psyche and ofideas. In spite of the fact that Karl was more youthful than most in the gathering, he was perceived forhis scholarly capacity and turned into the focal point of the gathering. While at BerlinHe came to accept that all the different sciences and ways of thinking werepart of one larger, which, when finished, which would give a genuine andtotal image of the universe and man. (Socialist Manifesto, Marx (FrancisB. Randal), page 15) Marx was a nonbeliever, and accepted that science andphilosophy would demonstrate everything. Along these lines he had no confidence in a divine force of any kind. .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860 , .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860 .postImageUrl , .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860 .focused content region { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860 , .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860:hover , .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860:visited , .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860:active { border:0!important; } .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; darkness: 1; progress: haziness 250ms; webkit-change: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860:active , .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860:hover { mistiness: 1; change: murkiness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relati ve; } .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860 .ctaText { outskirt base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: striking; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; content enrichment: underline; } .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; fringe: none; outskirt sweep: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: intense; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe range: 3px; content adjust: focus; content adornment: none; content shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: outright; right: 0; top: 0; } .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u24e 9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860 .focused content { show: table; stature: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u24e9c081850d67fffa92d5423e0ca860:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: My Testimony EssayMarx accepted that Hegel more likely than not been a nonbeliever also on account of his strongbelief in the brain. Marxs doctoral theory was contended in 1841. It conveyed thetitle The Difference Between the Philosophies of Nature of Democrtius andEpicurus.(The Making of Marxs Critical Theory, Oakley, page 11) It had todo with the Greek savant Epicurus and how his convictions identified with Marxs ofthat day. This proposition was an early sign of the deduction behind Karl Marx. Quite a bit of his later work and thoughts are apparent in this exposition. He passed his thesisinto the University of Jena since Bonn and Berlin required an oral part to thethesis. The snappiness was likewise an issue in this. He passed it in early April,and got his degree in history and reasoning in April 15, 1841. After graduationhe couldn't look for some kind of employment. This made him accept a position with the Germannewspaper Rheinische Zeitung in mid 1842. Before the year's over, Marx madeeditor-in-boss. A couple of months after that in 1843 on account of his radicalwritings, and his social perspectives, Marx had to step down as supervisor, and soonafter that the paper shut by and large. He wedded Jenny von Westphalen, andwith an individual from the Young Hegelians, Arnold Ruge went to Paris to distribute aradical diary on his convictions. It was clear in his works that he was arevolutionary that upheld analysis of everything in presence. This wasespecially foreseen by the l ow class. The low class were the workingclass of the day. They were poor people and made up most of individuals. Marxwent on to accept that the working class would ascend against the bourgeoisie. At that point in 1844 Marx met a man that would change his life forever.When going toEngland in the wake of doing military help, he meet Marx in Cologne in the workplaces ofthe Rheinische Zeitung. Them two had experienced the German philosophicschool and while abroad they reached similar resolutions however while Marxarrived at a comprehension of the battles and the requests of the age premise ofthe French Revolution, Engles did as such based on English industry. (TheStory of His life, Mehring, page 93) Friedrich Engles was conceived in 1820 in theRhine Province of the Kingdom of Prussia. Like Marx he was raised with theGerman methods of reasoning of Hegel, and like Marx, Engles started to follow the works ofHegel. These equals among Marx and Engles framed a relationship that wouldlast for the remainder of every others lives. The two of them added to each othersworks, and co-composed numerous things. The likeness in foundation between the twoalso implied a comparability in thoughts. The both had confidence in the battle of theproletariat and that it would ascend against the bourgeoisie. Marx isconsiderate to be the more prominent of the two ways of thinking. The one difference was theway in which one tackled issues. Marx would utilize recorded research to illuminate aproblem, as connected Engles who utilized his creative mind and unadulterated psyche to come abouta arrangement. These distinctions in culture and similitudes in beliefscomplemented each other well. This point of view toward society and the class war wasingenious. It was their most noteworthy work together, the socialist statement, whichachieved

The Difference of Warfare between World War 1 and World War 2

World War Warfare was one of the greatest examples of technological advancement and strategic challenge, with the introduction of inventions such as the aircraft and the tank the battlefield transformed from attrition as scene in the early years of the war to decisive by the end of the war. Naval Warfare World War 1 While the naval war is usually known for only little attention in histories of World War I, the Royal Navys blockade of Germany played a dangerous role in the War. The U.S. Navy linking with the Royal Navy played a significant role in overcoming the German U-boats in the North Atlantic. The Germany Navy while technically effective disastrously diminished the German war effort. Germanys building of a High Seas Fleet was one of†¦show more content†¦Afterwards the Japanese strike on Pearl Harbor, the US joined the clash. With them, they brought potentially substantial naval resources, along the great Royal Navy. However, the war in the Pacific relied heavily on US naval attendance which in the aftermath of Pearl Harbor had seen the US fail to keep a number of battleships. So, naval warfare in WW2 had many innovations. The aircraft carrier was the most noteworthy and became the most potent naval assets which the Allies gained an increasing monopoly in. However, submarines were a lso deadly in Europe and the Pacific against merchant and supply ships. The human torpedoes of the Italian Malali were possibly the most innovative, and were also effective enough to influence the Royal Navy to research human torpedoes themselves. Air Warfare World War 1 At the start of World War One bomb aiming was crude in the extreme. The pilot – or co-pilot if the aircraft carried two people – simply dropped a small bomb over the side of the aircraft in the general direction of a target. If a bomb dropped anywhere near a target it was through good luck more than anything else. By the end of the war aircraft that could be recognized as long-range bombers had been developed. Much larger than fighters, and far less maneuverable, their task was very specific – to carry to a target as many bombs as was feasible and to drop them on said target with a degree of accuracy. The Germans had theShow MoreRelatedWar I And World War II1223 Words   |  5 PagesWar has always been a part of human life and the evolution of every country in the world. War could occur within a country or between two or more countries. Yet, some could get caught in a war just because they are allies with the country at war. And there are a variety of reasons w hy a war occurs, such as expanding a country’s power, gaining independence, or political and economic reasons. World War 1 and World War 2 were the most brutal wars in the world. 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The Killing of Candys Old Dog in Steinbecks Of Mice and Men

The Killing of Candys Old Dog in Steinbecks Of Mice and Men George is a small man but has strong features and Lennie is a giant but has a mind of a child. They are the main characters and are two more migrant workers who travel together from place to place because of Lennies stupidity and ability to get attracted to trouble. The main reason for this is he loves to feel soft things, which leads him to trouble and eventually to his death. They have a dream of owning land and settling down, so did millions of other Americans but only a few succeeded. John Steinbeck tried to draw attention to the social situation. At the time of 1920s and 1930s there was 12-15 million out of work, which led to†¦show more content†¦Curleys wife started to get angry as the hair was getting messy and told him to let go but Lennie started to panic as she started to scream louder. As Lennie got confused he put his hand over her mouth and nose. Lennie begged and cried for her not to yell because he thought George wouldnt let him tend no rabbits as he was wa rned by George not to do A bad thing. Lennie then broke her neck without realizing he just killed her. When Lennie found out that he just killed her he ran away to the bush where George told him to go to if he done something bad. Candy found Curleys wife dead and told George first. George told Candy to tell the rest of the ranch guys. Curley was the most furious to find his wife dead and went to kill Lennie with the rest of the ranch guys. Carlson told the ranch people that Lennie stole his lugar but they didnt now it was George. The ranch guys all went to search for Lennie and kill him but George got there first. Lennie was relieved to see George but thought that he would be angry instead he started to talk about their dream of owning land. 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Point Of View In Grendel And Beowulf Essay Example For Students

Point Of View In Grendel And Beowulf Essay Contrasting points of view in Grendeland Beowulf significantly alter the readers perception of religion, good andevil, and the character Grendel. John Gardners book, Grendel, is written infirst person. The book translated by Burton Raffel, Beowulf, is written in thirdperson. Good and evil is one of the main conflicts in the poem Beowulf. Howis Grendel affected by the concepts of good and evil? Grendel is an alienatedindividual who just wants to be a part of something. His desire to fit in causeshim to do evil things. Grendel is fascinated by the Shapers poetry. He oftenreturns to the mead hall to listen to it. One night while he is listening, he hearsthe story of Cain and Abel, including the Danes explanation of Grendel. Hisreaction to this leads to one of his most dramatic emotional reactions: Ibelieved him. Such was the power of the Shapers harp! Stood wriggling myface, letting tears down my nose, grinding my fists into my elbow the corpse ofthe proof that both of us ere cursed, or neither, that the brothers had neverlived, nor the god who judged them. Waaa! I bawled. Oh what aconversion(Gardner 51)! Grendel then cries for mercy from the Danes. Hewants their forgiveness as well as unification with them, which represents thegood in him. The Danes reject him by confusing his outburst of sorrow as anattack. After visiting with a dragon who tells Grendel a fictional version of theShapers tale, Grendel continues to believe the Shapers story. He searchesfor the goodness in human beings, which was mentioned in the story. He eatspeople only because it provides a place for him in society, even if it is anegative position (The Two Faces of Grendel, 2). Good and evil is one of themain conflicts in the poem Beowulf, and ultimately both wipe each other out. Good, is portrayed by God, and evil seems to be what fate has in store for thehero. Beowulf occasionally talks to God and asks God to give him strengthbefore the battle and to give him the valor he needs to overcome his enemy. Evil seems to always get the bad side of things since it always gets conqueredby Gods good side. Even though this is true, evil lives the high life for a longtime. Grendel, Beowulfs first opponent, killed thousands and thousands ofmen before he met his match. Evil comes from the monsters. They attack thegood side by killing innocent men because they are hungry or just want to defythe laws. Good fights back when the evil creations are killed and all is back tonormal. Beowulf is truly good because he helps people when they need it themost and hopes that God is with him even though he doesnt have to doanything to help the people who have an evil creature killing their villagespopulation every night. In Grendel, the main belief is that of existentialism,however, there are also numerous references to Cain throughout the entirebook. The basis for his version of existentialism is the following excerpt fromthe book itself: I understood that the world was nothing: a mechanical chaosof casual, brute enmity on which we stupidly impose our hopes and fears. Iunderstood that, finally and absolutely, I alone exist. All the rest, I saw, ismerely what pushes me, or what I push against, blindlyas blindly as all thatis not myself pushes back. I create the whole universe, blink by blink.Anugly god pitifully dying in a tree (Gardner 22)! One can explain this view ofexistentialism by considering some simple concepts of existentialism. .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb , .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb .postImageUrl , .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb , .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb:hover , .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb:visited , .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb:active { border:0!important; } .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb:active , .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u1fae8c3df75731320f2e61867b1c20eb:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Animal Behavior EssayExistentialists believe that man is forlorn and totally responsible for his acts,and that his choices are important because existence precedes essence. Furthermore, the references to Cain, which represented chaos and thepresence of evil, can be found throughout the book. For example, after Cainkilled his brother, he drinks his blood. This is typically something that Grendeldoes after he kills his victims. Additionally, both Cain and Grendel are viewedas outcasts of society who have to roam in the shadows. They are outsidelooking inside. They are outside threats to the order of society as shown byGrendel with the Danes (Similarities between Grendel and Cain, 1). Thereligious references to Cain, as well as the belief in existentialism are importantaspects in Grendel. In Beowulf, the main belief is that of wyrd, or fate, andsources say that Beowulf is a pagan poem adapted to fit ideals of Christianity. The belief in wyrd is one of the most pervasive pagan elements. TheAnglo-Saxons believed strongly that their lives were predestined and thatpowerful supernatural forces acted upon them. The inevitability of this fate isshown many times throughout the poem. When Beowulf prepares to fightGrendel, he abandons his armor and sword saying, Fate ever goes as itmust. Additionally, although there are Christian overtones, the paganisticpoint of views are expressed anytime they discuss fate and destiny. Forexample, Beowulf makes a remark to Wiglaf that fate has swept their raceaway. But right above that, he tells Wiglaf, I thank our Father in Heaven,Ruler of the Earth-For all of this, that His grace has given me(Gardner109). The epic poem Beowulf contains definite references to Christianity, butit is also full of Pagan symbols such as that of fate. The character Grendel isviewed in a different light in the book Grendel. Grendel is pitiful in Grendel,however, Gardner uses this pity to arouse sym pathy for Grendel by giving himhuman traits and emotions and by using first person. This novel is actuallynarrated by Grendel, which offers understanding of the beasts innermostfeelings, as well as evoking sympathy from the reader. In Grendel, the antiherohas human traits: he walks on two legs and speaks a language similar to theDanes. He also has strong emotions of fear, anger, and sorrow as well asintellect. One may compare Grendel to Lennie in Of Mice and Men. Bothcharacters have a sense of alienation and just want to fit in. The point of viewof the book Grendel allows the reader to see another side of Grendel. InBeowulf, Grendel is viewed as the antagonist and the evil villain. Grendel isboth feared and hated in Beowulf. Upon reading Beowulf, the readerdiscovers Grendel as seen through the eyes of his terrified victims. KingHrothgar, leader of the Danes, fears his visits: The renowned ruler, the princeof long famous, sat empty of joy; strong in might, he suffered, sorrowed for h ismen when they saw the track of the hateful monster, the evil spirit. Hrothgarwould dread the fatal nights when Grendel would dine on human flesh. Theruler understands that Grendel attacks his men out of spite and jealousy (TheTwo Faces of Grendel, 1). In reading Grendel and Beowulf, one can findmany similarities in the way the events occur in the books, however becauseof contrasting points of view, the reader gets insight on the entire picture fromtwo different sides. This allows the reader to better understand each book andits contents, such as their beliefs and the concept of good and evil, andacknowledge the ways the character Grendel can be described. Book Reports